DRV8833 Dual Motor Driver Carrier

by Pololu

This tiny breakout board for TI’s DRV8833 dual motor driver can deliver 1.2 A per channel continuously (2 A peak) to a pair of DC motors.

With an operating voltage range from 2.7 V to 10.8 V and built-in protection against reverse-voltage, under-voltage, over-current, and over-temperature, this driver is a great solution for powering small, low-voltage motors.

Texas Instruments’ DRV8833 is a dual H-bridge motor driver IC that can be used for bidirectional control of two brushed DC motors at 2.7 V to 10.8 V. It can supply up to about 1.2 A per channel continuously and can tolerate peak currents up to 2 A per channel for a few seconds, making it an ideal driver for small motors that run on relatively low voltages. Since this board is a carrier for the DRV8833, we recommend careful reading of the DRV8833 datasheet (1MB pdf). The board ships populated with SMD components, including the DRV8833, and adds a FET for reverse battery protection.

Features

  • Dual-H-bridge motor driver: can drive two DC motors or one bipolar stepper motor
  • Operating voltage: 2.7‌‌ V to 10.8 V
  • Output current: 1.2 A continuous (2 A peak) per motor
  • Motor outputs can be paralleled to deliver 2.4 A continuous (4 A peak) to a single motor
  • Inputs are 3V- and 5V-compatible
  • Under-voltage lockout and protection against over-current and over-temperature
  • Reverse-voltage protection circuit
  • Current limiting can be enabled by adding sense resistors (not included)

Specifications

  • Size: 0.5″ × 0.8″1
  • Weight: 1.0 g1
  • General specifications
  • Motor driver: DRV8833
  • Motor channels: 2
  • Minimum operating voltage: 2.7 V
  • Maximum operating voltage: 10.8 V
  • Continuous output current per channel: 1.2 A2
  • Peak output current per channel: 2 A
  • Continuous paralleled output current: 2.4 A2
  • Reverse voltage protection?: Y

1Without included hardware.
2Typical results with 100% duty cycle at room temperature.

Using the motor driver

In a typical application, power connections are made on one side of the board and control connections are made on the other. The nSLEEP pin is pulled high on the board and can be left disconnected if you do not want to use the low-power sleep mode of the DRV8833. Each of the two motor channels has a pair of control inputs, xIN1 and xIN2, that set the state of the corresponding outputs, xOUT1 and xOUT2; pulse width modulated (PWM) signal can be applied to each of these inputs. The control inputs are pulled low internally, effectively disabling the motor driver outputs by default. See the truth tables in the DRV8833 datasheet for more information on how the inputs affect the driver outputs.

The nFAULT pin is an open-drain output that is driven low by the chip whenever an over-current, over-temperature-or under-voltage condition occurs. Otherwise, it remains in a floating state, so you will need to connect an external pull-up resistor (or use a microcontroller input with its built-in pull-up enabled) if you want to monitor fault conditions on the driver.

Pinout

PIN Default State Description
VIN   Reverse-protected 2.7‌ V to 10.8 V motor power supply connection. Operation with VIN below 5 V slightly reduces the maximum current output.
VMM   This pin gives access to the motor power supply after the reverse-voltage protection MOSFET (see the board schematic below). It can be used to supply reverse-protected power to other components in the system. It is generally intended as an output, but it can also be used to supply board power.
GND   Ground connection points for the motor power supply and control ground reference. The control source and the motor driver must share a common ground.
AOUT1   The motor A half-bridge 1 output.
AOUT2   The motor A half-bridge 2 output.
BOUT1   The motor B half-bridge 1 output.
BOUT2   The motor B half-bridge 2 output.
AIN1 LOW A logic input control for motor channel A. PWM can be applied to this pin.
AIN2 LOW A logic input control for motor channel A. PWM can be applied to this pin.
BIN1 LOW A logic input control for motor channel B. PWM can be applied to this pin.
BIN2 LOW A logic input control for motor channel B. PWM can be applied to this pin.
nSLEEP HIGH Sleep input: when this pin is driven low, the chip enters a low-power sleep mode. (Labeled SLP on the board silkscreen.)
nFAULT FLOAT Fault output: driven low in the event of an over-current, over-temperature, or under-voltage condition; floating otherwise. (Labeled FLT on the board silkscreen.)
AISEN   Current sense pin for motor A. This pin is connected to ground and does not function by default, but current limiting can be enabled by making the modifications described below.
BISEN   Current sense pin for motor B. This pin is connected to ground and does not function by default, but current limiting can be enabled by making the modifications described below.

Current limiting

The DRV8833 can actively limit the current through the motors by using a fixed-frequency PWM current regulation (current chopping). By default, this carrier board connects the current sense pins to ground, disabling the current limiting feature. To enable current limiting, you can use a knife to cut the break points on the back of the board and then solder some appropriate current sense resistors to the unpopulated pads on the front, as indicated in the image below. The pads are sized for 1206 surface-mount resistors. Refer to the DRV8833 datasheet for information on how the resistor value determines the chopping current.

Real-world power dissipation considerations

The DRV8833 datasheet recommends a maximum continuous current of 1.5 A per motor channel. However, the chip by itself will overheat at lower currents. For example, in our tests at room temperature with no forced air flow, the chip was able to deliver 1.5 A per channel for about a minute before the chip’s thermal protection kicked in and disabled the motor outputs, while a continuous current of 1.2‌–1.3 A per channel was sustainable for many minutes without triggering a thermal shutdown. The actual current you can deliver will depend on how well you can keep the motor driver cool. The carrier’s printed circuit board is designed to draw heat out of the motor driver chip, but performance can be improved by adding a heat sink. Our tests were conducted at 100% duty cycle; PWMing the motor will introduce additional heating proportional to the frequency.

This product can get hot enough to burn you long before the chip overheats. Take care when handling this product and other components connected to it.